写一个出版社的增删查改resful接口

# models.py模板层

from django.db import modelsclass Book(models.Model):    nid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)    name = models.CharField(max_length=32)    price = models.CharField(max_length=32)    publish_date = models.DateField()    publish = models.ForeignKey(to='Publish',to_field='nid',on_delete=models.CASCADE)    authors = models.ManyToManyField(to='Author')    def __str__(self):        return self.nameclass Author(models.Model):    nid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)    name = models.CharField(max_length=32)    age = models.IntegerField()    author_detail = models.OneToOneField(to='AuthorDetail', to_field='nid', unique=True, on_delete=models.CASCADE)class AuthorDetail(models.Model):    nid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)    telephone = models.BigIntegerField()    birthday = models.DateField()    addr = models.CharField(max_length=64)class Publish(models.Model):    nid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)    name = models.CharField(max_length=32)    city = models.CharField(max_length=32)    email = models.EmailField()    def __str__(self):        return self.name    def test(self):        return self.email

#url 路由层

from django.conf.urls import url, includefrom django.contrib import adminfrom app01 import viewsfrom rest_framework import routers# 生成一个router对象router = routers.DefaultRouter()# 需要传两个参数,第一个参数就是匹配的路径,第二个参数,是视图类router.register('publish', views.PublishView)urlpatterns = [    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),    # url(r'^publish/',views.PublishView.as_view() ),    # url(r'^publish/(?P
       
        \d+)',views.PublishDetailView.as_view() ),    # url(r'^publish/$', views.PublishView.as_view({'get': 'list', 'post': 'create'})),    # url(r'^publish/(?P
        
         \d+)', views.PublishView.as_view({'get': 'retrieve', 'put': 'update', 'delete': 'destroy'})),    url(r'^test1/$', views.TestAll.as_view({
     'get': 'test'})),    # url(r'^test2/$', views.TestAll.as_view({'get': 'test2'})),    # url(r'^test3/$', views.TestAll.as_view({'get': 'test3'})),        # 不会使用这种方法的    url('', include(router.urls)),]路由控制        三种:            -一种基本路由:url(r'^publish/$', views.PublishView.as_view()),            -半自动路径:views.PublishView.as_view({
     'get': 'list', 'post': 'create'}))                -必须继承:ViewSetMixin                -继承ViewSetMixin的先后顺序            -全自动路由:(基本不用)                -from rest_framework import routers                # 生成一个router对象                router=routers.DefaultRouter()                # 需要传两个参数,第一个参数就是匹配的路径,第二个参数,是视图类                router.register('publish',views.PublishView)                                                url('', include(router.urls)),                #自动生成四个路由(PublishView必须继承ModelViewSet)
        
       

#MySer 序列化组件

from rest_framework import serializersfrom app01 import modelsclass AuthorSerializers(serializers.Serializer):    nid = serializers.CharField()    name = serializers.CharField()    age = serializers.CharField()class PublishSerializers(serializers.ModelSerializer):    class Meta:        model = models.Publish        fields = '__all__'

基本视图

最原始的

from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponsefrom rest_framework.views import APIViewfrom app01 import modelsfrom app01.MySer import AuthorSerializers, PublishSerializersfrom django.http import JsonResponseclass PublishView(APIView):    def get(self, request):        publish_list = Publish.objects.all()        bs = PublishSerializers(publish_list, many=True)        return JsonResponse(bs.data,safe=False)    def post(self, request):        # 添加一条数据        print(request.data)        bs = PublishSerializers(data=request.data)        if bs.is_valid():            bs.save()  # 生成记录            return JsonResponse(bs.data,safe=False)        else:            return JsonResponse(bs.errors,safe=False)class PublishDetailView(APIView):    def get(self, request, pk):        publish_obj = Publish.objects.filter(pk=pk).first()        bs = PublishSerializers(publish_obj, many=False)        return JsonResponse(bs.data,safe=False)    def put(self, request, pk):        publish_obj = Publish.objects.filter(pk=pk).first()        bs = PublishSerializers(data=request.data, instance=publish_obj)        if bs.is_valid():            bs.save()  # update            return JsonResponse(bs.data)        else:            return JsonResponse(bs.errors)    def delete(self, request, pk):        Publish.objects.filter(pk=pk).delete()        return JsonResponse("")

 

1

第一种方案class List:    def list(self,request):        queryset = self.queryset        bs = self.serializers(queryset, many=True)        return JsonResponse(bs.data,safe=False)class Create:    def create(self,request):        print(request.data)        bs = PublishSerializers(data=request.data)        if bs.is_valid():            bs.save()  # 生成记录            return JsonResponse(bs.data,safe=False)        else:            return JsonResponse(bs.errors,safe=False)class PublishView(APIView,List,Create):    queryset=Publish.objects.all()    serializers=PublishSerializers    def get(self, request):        return self.list(request)    def post(self, request):        # 添加一条数据        return self.create(request)class BookView(APIView,List,Create):    queryset=Book.objects.all()    serializers=BookSerializer    def get(self, request):        return self.list(request)    def post(self, request):        return self.create(request)

 

第二种：ListCreateAPIView 继承了GenericAPIView, ListModelMixin, CreateModelMixin

2

 

第三种：路由:url(r'^publish/$', views.PublishView.as_view({'get': 'list', 'post': 'create'})),

url(r'^publish/(?P<pk>\d+)', views.PublishView.as_view({'get': 'retrieve', 'put': 'update','delete':'destroy'})),

3.

from rest_framework.generics import ListCreateAPIView, ListAPIView, RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIViewfrom rest_framework.mixins import ListModelMixin, CreateModelMixin, RetrieveModelMixin, UpdateModelMixin, \    DestroyModelMixinfrom rest_framework.generics import GenericAPIViewclass PublishView(GenericAPIView, ListModelMixin, CreateModelMixin):class PublishView(ListCreateAPIView):    queryset = Publish.objects.all()    serializer_class = PublishSerializersclass PublishDetailView(RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView):    queryset = Publish.objects.all()    serializer_class = PublishSerializers

 

from rest_framework.views import  APIViewfrom rest_framework.viewsets import ModelViewSetfrom rest_framework.renderers import JSONRenderer,BrowsableAPIRendererclass PublishView(ModelViewSet):    # renderer_classes=[JSONRenderer,BrowsableAPIRenderer]    queryset = Publish.objects.all()    serializer_class = PublishSerializers

终极版本：

建议用魔法类ViewSetMixin

最终应该使用的方案:ViewSetMixin 它有什么作用?用了它之后,视图类中不需要写get,post,put方法了,自己定义方法就可以了 让请求方法对应到自己定义的方法上,然后再配置路由

快速写出5个接口:

-继承它ModelViewSet

-写一个视图类,视图类中定义两个变量

from rest_framework.viewsets import ModelViewSet

class BookView(ModelViewSet):

queryset = Book.objects.all()

serializer_class = BookSerializer

-路由:(要写两条路由)

url(r'^publish', views.PublishView.as_view({'get': 'list', 'post': 'create'})),

url(r'^publish/(?P<pk>\d+)', views.PublishView.as_view({'get': 'retrieve', 'put': 'update','delete':'destroy'})),

# from day100 import settings # settings 就是项目的配置文件 from django.conf import settings

-第一种:最原始的那种

-第二种:继承ViewSetMixin,它放在前面(好处,跟某个功能相关的,可以写在第一起)

-可以自己封装一个View,继承ViewSetMixin,和APIView

from rest_framework.response import Response # 建议用魔法类ViewSetMixin

rom rest_framework.viewsets import  ViewSetMixin# 注意先后顺序,ViewSetMixin写在前面class TestAll(ViewSetMixin,APIView):    def test(self,request):        print(settings.DEBUG)        return HttpResponse('test')    def test2(self, request):        return HttpResponse('test2')    def test3(self, request):        return HttpResponse('test3')

配置文件查找顺序

先从视图类中查找--->项目配置文件(settings)----->drf默认的setting中取